スーパーグローバルハイスクール研究報告書

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−133−第４部生徒による成果物Risk Management　　Our group theme is risk management of small and medium enterprises in overseas expansion. Our major purposes are to revitalize Japanese companies, to avoid lagging behind other countries in the globalization of the world, and to expand overseas with little expenses. The problems are glass ceiling, the lack of personnel, and risks which could happen on the site.　　We came up with 3 potential solutions to those problems. First, we take SUMSUNG Electronics in Korea, which is well-known as a representative of global companies, as an example of management strategy to advance abroad. SUMSUNG has adopted “regional experts system” since 1990, aiming to train global talent resources. SUMSUNG members experience as regional experts through overseas training. 　　One of the eective means in risk management is “3C analysis” devised by Kenichi Ohmae. Generally, this indicates to an analysis that consider three axes as “competitor”“company”“customer”. When actually analyzing, we grasp and predict the current situation and the prospect of Competitor and Company based on data. We do same way when analyze purchasing intention/ ability of Customer. I actually apply this to overseas expansion of small and medium enterprises. Also, the environment surrounding customers changes, and the needs change accordingly. The strength in this analysis is to be able to grasp the dierences and similarities between Japan and local place in the competitor and customer matter. However, weakness in 3C analysis is that it is dicult to simultaneously consider internal （Company） and external （Competitor · customer）.　　In addition, there are SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is “to grasp opportunity and threat in external environment, and strength and weakness in internal environment, and plan a strategy that makes made use of strength and opportunity.” Many enterprises adapt SWOT analysis, and it allows them to manage risks more smoothly. Regardless of large, medium or small company, enterprises that advance abroad have various problems. According to the survey entrusted to the Small and Medium Enterprise Agency in 2011 “Survey on Improving the Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises through Overseas Expansion”, the risks faced by companies are “rising personnel expenses”, “uctuating exchange rate”, “reserve, training, labor management of local talent”, “complexity and ambiguity of legal system and regulation”. Especially, speaking of talent, there are risks such as “lack of members who can speak English”, adoption diculty of talent who in needed on site”, cheating used position of interpreter”,“lack of interpreter’s ability”, “importance of local Japanese manager”. To solve these problem, we propose to use SWOT analysis. Unlike 3C analysis, SWOT analysis focus on opportunity and threat. Especially, opportunity in not handled in 3C analysis. Because combining above 3C analysis and SWOT analysis allows to understand current situation of your company and competitor and analyze opportunity to advance into the local market, they suit for analysis on overseas expansion.　　The true solution that we propose is the combination of these three solutions. The three solutions analyze the economic and cultural problems separately. However, we think that these are closely related in overseas expansion. 3C analysis and SWOT analysis can contemplate economic factors, but we can’t take cultural factors into account. If these factors can be thought at the same time, it will be easier to deal with problems that can happen in the country where companies go.　　For example, in 2014 Aeon Mall advanced to Phnom Penh, Cambodia, but the tenants of the Japanese restaurant chain drastically declined. This is due to sluggish sales. It is because the price of these chain stores was too high for Cambodians. This is an example that focused on the cultural aspect but could not take economic aspects into account.